Discover Modena’s Historic Heart: From Medieval Roots to Renaissance Splendor
Ancient capital of the Duchy of Este, Modena has been a renowned university city for centuries and is now the vibrant capital of its province, home to 180,000 residents in the welcoming heart of Emilia Romagna.
History
Modena started as a small settlement built around the relics of its patron saint, San Geminiano. In 891, Bishop Leodoino fortified the town, which gradually grew, enriched with stunning monuments and historic buildings. The majestic Duomo of Modena, begun in 1099, is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site along with the iconic Ghirlandina bell tower and the beautiful Piazza Grande. The city’s first university was established in 1182.
Water played a crucial role in Modena’s development, with canals crisscrossing the city, giving names to many central streets like Canal Grande, Canal Chiaro, and Corso Duomo. These references reflect the city’s strong ties to its waterways, shaping both its history and identity.
What to See in Modena
Exploring Modena’s city center offers an immersive experience, with noble palaces, historic homes, and cultural landmarks. Begin at Piazza Grande, dominated by the Romanesque Cathedral, with its three striking apses and slender Ghirlandina bell tower. Don’t miss the Cathedral Museums, which shed light on the cathedral’s fascinating history. Nearby is the Palazzo Comunale, home to the famous Secchia Rapita, stolen from Bologna in the Battle of Zappolino in 1325.
The Church of Sant’Agostino, built in the 14th century, features works like a Deposition from the Cross by Antonio Begarelli and a Madonna with Child by Tommaso da Modena. For art lovers, the Palazzo dei Musei is a treasure trove housing the Galleria Estense and Biblioteca Estense, with rare paintings and manuscripts. Other must-sees include the Estense Lapidary Museum, Civic Museum of Medieval and Modern History, and the quirky Figurine Museum.
Modena’s Culinary Delights
Modena’s rich culture is matched by its vibrant culinary scene. The city is world-renowned for its balsamic vinegar and Lambrusco wine. Traditional Modena balsamic vinegar, aged for over 25 years, is a prized product, while Lambrusco, a sparkling red wine, pairs perfectly with Modena’s typical dishes like crescentine and fried gnocco.
Events and Festivals in Modena
Modena’s lively spirit comes alive through its many events. Major festivals include the Sant’Antonio Fair on January 17, the San Geminiano Fair on January 31, Modenantiquaria in February, and Modena in Fiore in March and September.
The city’s carnival, featuring the iconic figure Sandrone, is a must-see. Each year, Sandrone, with his family Pulonia and Sgorghìguelo, arrives on Fat Thursday to address the citizens from the Palazzo Comunale balcony.
How to Get to Modena
Traveling to Modena is easy, whether by car, train, or plane. The city has three motorway exits: Modena Nord and Modena Sud on the A1, and Modena-Campogalliano on the A22. Modena’s train station offers regular connections to Bologna, Rome, Milan, and even Zurich. Bologna’s Guglielmo Marconi Airport is just 45 minutes away, with a direct bus line to Modena.